The influence of ground effect on the wake of a high-speed train (HST) is investigated by an improved delayed detached-eddy simulation. Aerodynamic forces, the time-averaged and instantaneous flow structure of the wake are explored for both the stationary ground and the moving ground. It shows that the lift force of the trailing car is overestimated, and the fluctuation of the lift and side force is much greater under the stationary ground, especially for the side force. The coexistence of multiscale vortex structures can be observed in the wake along with vortex stretching and pairing. Furthermore, the out-of-phase vortex shedding and oscillation of the longitudinal vortex pair in the wake are identified for both ground configurations. However, the dominant Strouhal number of the vortex shedding for the stationary and moving ground is 0.196 and 0.111, respectively, due to the different vorticity accumulation beneath the train. A conceptual model is proposed to interpret the mechanism of the interaction between the longitudinal vortex pair and the ground. Under the stationary ground, the vortex pair embedded in a turbulent boundary layer causes more rapid diffusion of the vorticity, leading to more intensive oscillation of the longitudinal vortex pair.
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May 2017
Research-Article
Detached-Eddy Simulation of Ground Effect on the Wake of a High-Speed Train
Chao Xia,
Chao Xia
Shanghai Key Lab of Vehicle Aerodynamics and
Vehicle Thermal Management Systems;
Vehicle Thermal Management Systems;
Shanghai Automotive Wind Tunnel Center,
Tongji University,
No. 4800, Cao’an Road,
Shanghai 201804, China
e-mail: 1210076@tongji.edu.cn
Tongji University,
No. 4800, Cao’an Road,
Shanghai 201804, China
e-mail: 1210076@tongji.edu.cn
Search for other works by this author on:
Xizhuang Shan,
Xizhuang Shan
Shanghai Key Lab of Vehicle Aerodynamics and
Vehicle Thermal Management Systems;
Vehicle Thermal Management Systems;
Shanghai Automotive Wind Tunnel Center,
Tongji University,
No. 4800, Cao’an Road,
Shanghai 201804, China
e-mail: xizhuang.shan@sawtc.com
Tongji University,
No. 4800, Cao’an Road,
Shanghai 201804, China
e-mail: xizhuang.shan@sawtc.com
Search for other works by this author on:
Zhigang Yang
Zhigang Yang
Shanghai Key Lab of Vehicle Aerodynamics and
Vehicle Thermal Management Systems;
Vehicle Thermal Management Systems;
Shanghai Automotive Wind Tunnel Center,
Tongji University,
No.4800, Cao’an Road,
Shanghai 201804, China
e-mail: zhigang.yang@sawtc.com
Tongji University,
No.4800, Cao’an Road,
Shanghai 201804, China
e-mail: zhigang.yang@sawtc.com
Search for other works by this author on:
Chao Xia
Shanghai Key Lab of Vehicle Aerodynamics and
Vehicle Thermal Management Systems;
Vehicle Thermal Management Systems;
Shanghai Automotive Wind Tunnel Center,
Tongji University,
No. 4800, Cao’an Road,
Shanghai 201804, China
e-mail: 1210076@tongji.edu.cn
Tongji University,
No. 4800, Cao’an Road,
Shanghai 201804, China
e-mail: 1210076@tongji.edu.cn
Xizhuang Shan
Shanghai Key Lab of Vehicle Aerodynamics and
Vehicle Thermal Management Systems;
Vehicle Thermal Management Systems;
Shanghai Automotive Wind Tunnel Center,
Tongji University,
No. 4800, Cao’an Road,
Shanghai 201804, China
e-mail: xizhuang.shan@sawtc.com
Tongji University,
No. 4800, Cao’an Road,
Shanghai 201804, China
e-mail: xizhuang.shan@sawtc.com
Zhigang Yang
Shanghai Key Lab of Vehicle Aerodynamics and
Vehicle Thermal Management Systems;
Vehicle Thermal Management Systems;
Shanghai Automotive Wind Tunnel Center,
Tongji University,
No.4800, Cao’an Road,
Shanghai 201804, China
e-mail: zhigang.yang@sawtc.com
Tongji University,
No.4800, Cao’an Road,
Shanghai 201804, China
e-mail: zhigang.yang@sawtc.com
1Corresponding author.
Contributed by the Fluids Engineering Division of ASME for publication in the JOURNAL OF FLUIDS ENGINEERING. Manuscript received January 3, 2016; final manuscript received January 10, 2017; published online March 16, 2017. Assoc. Editor: Elias Balaras.
J. Fluids Eng. May 2017, 139(5): 051101 (12 pages)
Published Online: March 16, 2017
Article history
Received:
January 3, 2016
Revised:
January 10, 2017
Citation
Xia, C., Shan, X., and Yang, Z. (March 16, 2017). "Detached-Eddy Simulation of Ground Effect on the Wake of a High-Speed Train." ASME. J. Fluids Eng. May 2017; 139(5): 051101. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4035804
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