Role of a Sinusoidal Wavy Surface in Enhancement of Heat Transfer Using Turbulent Dual Jet

In this paper, the role of sinusoidal wavy surface in enhancing the heat transfer is numerically studied. The heat transfer characteristics are studied for two thermal boundary conditions of the wavy wall. To assess the effect of wavy wall, the amplitude is varied between 0.1 and 0.7 and number of cycle from 4 to 12 at an interval of 0.1 and 1, respectively. In order to see the effect of offset ratio, it is varied between 3 and 15 at an interval of 2. The Reynolds number (Re) and Prandtl number (Pr) are set to 15, 000 and 0.71, respectively, for all the numerical simulations. It is found that the maximum average Nusselt number (⁠$Nuavg$⁠) depends not only on the amplitude and number of cycle but also on the offset ratio. Overall, 23.27% in maximum heat transfer enhancement is achieved with reference to the plane wall surface. An approximately linear decrement in maximum $Nuavg$ is observed when offset ratio increases. The results indicate that $Nuavg$ increases with an increase in the amplitude of sinusoidal wavy surface up to N = 8 and almost follows the linear trend up to N = 7. It is also found that $Nux$ is always on the higher side as compared to the corresponding case of a plane wall surface when N = 4, irrespective of the offset ratio. With an increase in N, $Nux$ fluctuates about the result of plane wall surface after the initial increase because of the obstruction. The amplitude of the fluctuation increases with an increase in the number of cycle N, which indicates that fluid accelerates and decelerates gradually owing to the presence of trough and crest. Also, it is worth noticing that for some cases, there is a decrease in the heat transfer rate as compared to the plane wall case. Therefore, it is concluded that the increase in the surface area does not necessarily result in an increase in the heat transfer rate.