...Cemil Koyunoğlu The purpose of the new formulas, Cml, Cml K , and Cml Y , which express the slowest char combustion rate, is to show the controlling mechanism of single coal burning. Oxygen diffusion through the boundary layer (as a result of releasing volatile matter from coal) to the char surface...

... to the solution of the angularly discretized equations and may not be reduced by further spatial mesh refinement. In fact, the spatial mesh refinement has been known to increase ray effects in some situations [ 8 , 9 ] by reducing the compensating error of false scattering. Aerospace Combustion Gas...

... OF H EAT T RANSFER . Manuscript received July 27, 2015; final manuscript received May 11, 2016; published online June 14, 2016. Assoc. Editor: Andrey Kuznetsov. 27 07 2015 11 05 2016 Biotechnology Combustion Conduction Heat and mass transfer Low temperature heat transfer...

... intensity atomization modes that cause small-scale localized flame distortion. In contrast, the disruption behavior at dense concentrations is governed by high intensity bubble ejections, which result in severe disruption of the flame envelope. Bubbles Combustion Particles Droplets Reactive flows...

... enclosed homogeneous gas–particulate medium and a simple fluidized bed example. The PMC method is then demonstrated on a snapshot of a pulverized-coal combustion simulation. 1 Corresponding author. Contributed by the Heat Transfer Division of ASME for publication in the J OURNAL OF H EAT T...