Based on the unique additive manufacturing process, a dual-notch void model is proposed to explain three tensile strengths of a 3D printed polymer along three major directions. This model incorporates the strength/notch angle relation and provides a relative magnitude of three tensile strengths, i.e., Sx (axial strength) > Sy (transverse strength) ≥ Sz (inter-layer strength).
Issue Section:
Technical Brief
References
1.
Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing Technologies: Designation F2792-12a, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA,
2012
.2.
Campbell
, R.
, Wohlers
, T. T.
, and Caffrey
, T.
, 2016
, 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing State of the Industry: Annual Worldwide Progress Report.
3.
Aliheidari
, N.
, Tripuraneni
, R.
, Ameli
, A.
, and Nadimpalli
, S.
, 2017
, “Fracture Resistance Measurement of Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printed Polymers
,” Polym. Test.
, 60
, pp. 94
–101
. 4.
Lin
, D.
, Nian
, Q.
, Deng
, B.
, Jin
, S.
, Hu
, Y.
, Wang
, W.
, and Cheng
, G. J.
, 2014
, “Three-Dimensional Printing of Complex Structures: Man Made or Toward Nature?
,” ACS Nano
, 8
, pp. 9710
–9715
. 5.
Riddick
, J. C.
, Haile
, M. A.
, Von Wahlde
, R.
, Cole
, D. P.
, Bamiduro
, O.
, and E
, T.
, 2016
, “Johnson Fractographic Analysis of Tensile Failure of ABS Fabricated by FDM
,” Addit. Manuf.
, 11
, pp. 49
–59
. 6.
Song
, Y.
, Li
, Y.
, Song
, W.
, Yee
, K.
, Lee
, K.-Y.
, and Tagarielli
, V. L.
, 2017
, “Measurements of the Mechanical Response of Unidirectional 3D-Printed PLA
,” Mater. Des.
, 123
, pp. 154
–164
. 7.
Gardan
, J.
, Makke
, A.
, and Recho
, N.
, 2018
, “Improving the Fracture Toughness of 3D Printed Thermoplastic Polymers by Fused Deposition Modeling
,” Int. J. Fract.
, 210
, pp. 1
–15
. 8.
Arbeiter
, F.
, Spoerk
, M.
, Wiener
, J.
, Gosch
, A.
, and Pinter
, G.
, 2018
, “Fracture Mechanical Characterization and Lifetime Estimation of Nearhomogeneous Components Produced by Fused Filament Fabrication
,” Polym. Test.
, 66
, pp. 105
–113
. 9.
Seifi
, M.
, Salem
, A.
, Beuth
, J.
, Harrysson
, O.
, and Lewandowski
, J.
, 2016
, “Overview of Materials Qualification Needs for Metal Additive Manufacturing
,” JOM
, 68
, pp. 747
–764
. 10.
McLouth
, T.
, Severino
, J.
, Adams
, P.
, Patel
, D.
, and Zaldivar
, R.
, 2017
, “The Impact of Print Orientation and Raster Pattern on Fracture Toughness in Additively Manufactured ABS
,” Addit. Manuf.
, 18
, pp. 103
–109
. 11.
Hart
, K.
, and Wetzel
, E.
, 2017
, “Fracture Behavior of Additively Manufactured Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) Materials
,” Eng. Fract. Mech.
, 177
, pp. 1
–13
. 12.
Khatri
, A.
, and Adnan
, A.
, 2016
, “Effect of Raster Orientation on Fracture Toughness Properties of 3D Printed abs Materials and Structures
,” Proceedings of the ASME
, ASME Paper No. IMECE2016-67801.13.
Brenken
, B.
, Barocio
, E.
, Favaloro
, A.
, Kun
, V.
, and Pipes
, R.
, 2018
, “Fused Filament Fabrication of Fiber-Reinforced Polymers: A Review
,” Addit. Manuf.
, 21
, pp. 1
–16
. 14.
Rezaee
, A.
, and Adnan
, A.
, 2018
, “On the Elastic Stress Singularities and Mode I Notch Stress Intensity Factor for 3D Printed Polymers
,” Eng. Fract. Mech.
, 204
, pp. 235
–245
. 15.
Hashin
, Z.
, 1996
, “Finite Thermoelastic Fracture Criterion With Application to Laminate Cracking Analysis
,” J. Mech. Phys. Solids
, 44
, pp. 1129
–1145
. 16.
Taylor
, D.
, 2007
, The Theory of Critical Distances: A New Perspective in Fracture Mechanics
, Elsevier
, Oxford, UK
.17.
Leguillon
, D.
, 2002
, “Strength or Toughness? A Criterion for Crack Onset at a Notch
,” Eur. J. Mech. A/Solids
, 21
, pp. 61
–72
. 18.
Weissgraeber
, P.
, Leguillon
, D.
, and Becker
, W.
, 2016
, “A Review of Finite Fracture Mechanics: Crack Initiation at Singular and Non-Singular Stress-Raisers
,” Arch. Appl. Mech.
, 86
, pp. 375
–401
. 19.
Krishnan
, A.
, and Xu
, L. R.
, 2013
, “Experimental Studies on the Interaction Among Cracks, Notches and Interfaces of Bonded Polymers
,” Int. J. Solids Struct.
, 50
, pp. 1583
–1596
. 20.
Carpinteri
, A.
, 1987
, “Stress-Singularity and Generalized Fracture Toughness at the Vertex of Re-Entrant Corners
,” Eng. Fract. Mech.
, 26
, pp. 143
–155
. 21.
Tran
, V.-X.
, Leguillon
, D.
, Krishnan
, A.
, and Xu
, L. R.
, 2012
, “Interface Crack Initiation at V-Notches Along Adhesive Bonding in Weakly Bonded Polymers Subjected to Mixed-Mode Loading
,” Int. J. Fract.
, 176
, pp. 65
–79
. 22.
Torrado
, A. R.
, and Roberson
, D. A.
, 2016
, “Failure Analysis and Anisotropy Evaluation of 3D-Printed Tensile Test Specimens of Different Geometries and Print Raster Patterns
,” J. Fail. Anal. Prev.
, 16
, pp. 154
–164
. 23.
Huang
, B.
, and Singamneni
, S.
, 2015
, “Raster Angle Mechanics in Fused Deposition Modelling
,” J. Compos. Mater.
, 49
, pp. 363
–368
. 24.
Zou
, R.
, Xia
, Y.
, Liu
, S.
, Hu
, P.
, Hou
, W.
, Hu
, Q.
, and Shan
, C.
, 2016
, “Isotropic and Anisotropic Elasticity and Yielding of 3D Printed Material
,” Compos. B
, 99
, pp. 506
–513
. 25.
Werken
, N.
, Hurley
, J.
, Khanbolouki
, P.
, Sarvestani
, A.
, Tamijani
, A.
, and Tehrani
, M.
, 2019
, “Design Considerations and Modeling of Fiber Reinforced 3D Printed Parts
,” Compos. B
, 160
, pp. 684
–692
. 26.
Isaac
, J. P.
, and Tippur
, H. V.
, 2019
, “Quasi-Static and Dynamic Fracture Behaviors of Additively Printed ABS Coupons Studied Using DIC: Role of Build Architecture and Loading Rate
,” Mech. Addit. Adv. Manuf.
, 8
, pp. 11
–19
. 27.
Cole
, D.
, Riddick
, J.
, Iftekhar Jaim
, H. M.
, and Zander
, N.
, 2016
, “Interfacial Mechanical Behavior of 3D Printed ABS
,” J. Appl. Polym. Sci.
, 133
, pp. 43
–52
. 28.
Krishnan
, A.
, and Xu
, L. R.
, 2011
, “A Short-Beam Shear Fracture Approach to Measure the Mode II Fracture Toughness of Materials With Preferred Interfaces
,” Int. J. Fract.
, 169
, pp. 15
–25
. 29.
Xu
, L. Y.
, and Kou
, C. H.
, 1994
, “Effect of the Interfacial Interleaf to the Interlaminar Fracture and Intralaminar Fracture of a New BMI Matrix Composites System
,” J. Reinf. Plast. Compos.
, 13
, pp. 509
–540
. Copyright © 2019 by ASME
You do not currently have access to this content.
