Mathematical models currently exist that explore the physiology of normal and traumatized intracranial function. Mechanical models are used to assess harsh environments that may potentially cause head injuries. However, few mechanical models are designed to study the adaptive physiologic response to traumatic brain injury. We describe a first-order physical model designed and fabricated to elucidate the complex biomechanical factors associated with dynamic intracranial physiology. The uni-directional flow device can be used to study interactions between the cranium, brain tissue, cerebrospinal fluid, vasculature, blood, and the heart. Solid and fluid materials were selected to simulate key properties of the cranial system. Total constituent volumes (solid and fluid) and volumetric flow represent adult human physiology, and the lengths of the individual segments along the flow-path are in accord with Poiseuille’s equation. The physical model includes a mechanism to simulate autoregulatory vessel dynamics. Intracranial pressures were measured at multiple locations throughout the model during simulations with and without post-injury brain tissue swelling. Two scenarios were modeled for both cases: Applications of vasodilation/constriction and changes in the head of bed position. Statistical results indicate that all independent variables had significant influence over fluid pressures measured throughout the model including the vasoconstriction mechanism . The physical model represents a first-order design realization that helps to establish a link between mathematical and mechanical models. Future designs will provide further insight into traumatic head injury and provide a framework for unifying the knowledge gained from mathematical models, injury mechanics, clinical observations, and the response to therapies.
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e-mail: ssk@kohlesbioengineering.com
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March 2007
Technical Briefs
A First-Order Mechanical Device to Model Traumatized Craniovascular Biodynamics
Sean S. Kohles,
e-mail: ssk@kohlesbioengineering.com
Sean S. Kohles
Kohles Bioengineering
, Portland, OR 97214-5135; Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University
, Portland, OR 97239-3098; and Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Portland State University
, Portland, OR 97207-0751
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Ryan W. Mangan,
Ryan W. Mangan
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering,
Portland State University
, Portland, OR 97207-0751
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Edward Stan,
Edward Stan
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
Portland State University
, Portland, OR 97207-0751
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James McNames
James McNames
Biomedical Signal Processing Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
Portland State University
, Portland, OR 97207-0751
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Sean S. Kohles
Kohles Bioengineering
, Portland, OR 97214-5135; Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Science University
, Portland, OR 97239-3098; and Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Portland State University
, Portland, OR 97207-0751e-mail: ssk@kohlesbioengineering.com
Ryan W. Mangan
Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering,
Portland State University
, Portland, OR 97207-0751
Edward Stan
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
Portland State University
, Portland, OR 97207-0751
James McNames
Biomedical Signal Processing Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
Portland State University
, Portland, OR 97207-0751J. Med. Devices. Mar 2007, 1(1): 89-95 (7 pages)
Published Online: July 30, 2006
Article history
Received:
April 2, 2006
Revised:
July 30, 2006
Citation
Kohles, S. S., Mangan, R. W., Stan, E., and McNames, J. (July 30, 2006). "A First-Order Mechanical Device to Model Traumatized Craniovascular Biodynamics." ASME. J. Med. Devices. March 2007; 1(1): 89–95. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.2355689
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