Graphical Abstract Figure

Time-averaged CWR of WECs within rectangular array as a function of incident wave direction

Graphical Abstract Figure

Time-averaged CWR of WECs within rectangular array as a function of incident wave direction

Close modal

Abstract

In this paper, both semi-analytical method and numerical simulation is applied to investigate the hydrodynamic behavior of large arrays of point-absorber wave energy converters (WECs). To analyze wave interactions among multiple WECs within an array, a semi-analytical model is developed based on the potential flow theory and the matched eigen-function expansions method. The fluid domain is divided into two kinds of regions: interior regions underneath the cylinders and an exterior region surrounding all the cylinders. The matched eigen-function expansions method is employed to solve the radiation potential problem in each domain, and the hydrodynamic coefficients and motion response of the cylinders in the array are evaluated. To validate the accuracy of the semi-analytical method, wamit is adopted to simulate the wave energy park numerically and compared with the results by the semi-analytical model. The hydrodynamic characteristics and power absorption performance of the WECs within the wave energy park are analyzed. The power performance of a wave energy park is studied as functions of layout geometry, incident wave direction, and separation distance between WECs respectively. Finally, multi-objective particle swarm optimization based on a surrogate model is used to optimize the layout of wave energy array.

References

1.
Bhore
,
N.
,
2014
, “
Energy Outlook: A View to 2040
,”
Detroit Automotive Petroleum Forum
,
Detroit, MI
,
Apr. 16
, pp.
1
14
.
2.
Taveira-Pinto
,
F.
,
Rosa-Santos
,
P.
, and
Fazeres-Ferradosa
,
T.
,
2020
, “
Marine Renewable Energy
,”
Renew. Energy
,
150
, pp.
1160
1164
.
3.
Göteman
,
M.
,
Engström
,
J.
,
Eriksson
,
M.
, and
Isberg
,
J.
,
2015
, “
Optimizing Wave Energy Parks With Over 1000 Interacting Point-Absorbers Using an Approximate Analytical Method
,”
Int. J. Marine Energy
,
10
, pp.
113
126
.
4.
Teixeira-Duarte
,
F.
,
Clemente
,
D.
,
Giannini
,
G.
,
Rosa-Santos
,
P.
, and
Taveira-Pinto
,
F.
,
2022
, “
Review on Layout Optimization Strategies of Offshore Parks for Wave Energy Converters
,”
Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev.
,
163
, p.
112513
.
5.
Raghavan
,
V.
,
Lavidas
,
G.
,
Metrikine
,
A.
,
Mantadakis
,
N.
, and
Loukogeorgaki
,
E
,
2022
,
Trends in Renewable Energies Offshore
, Taylor and Francis Online ed.,
CRC Press
,
London
, pp.
441
447
.
6.
Cecioni
,
C.
, and
Bellotti
,
G.
,
2016
, “
Boundary Conditions for Modeling Scattered Wave Field Around Floating Bodies in Elliptic Wave Models
,”
Appl. Ocean Res.
,
59
, pp.
492
497
.
7.
Tokić
,
G.
, and
Yue
,
D. K.
,
2021
, “
Hydrodynamics of Large Wave Energy Converter Arrays With Random Configuration Variations
,”
J. Fluid. Mech.
,
923
, p.
R1
.
8.
Cochet
,
C.
,
2012
, “
Hydrodynamic Performance of a Compound Cylinder Extracting Ocean-Wave Energy
,”
SNAME Trans.
,
120
, pp.
395
415
.
9.
Zhong
,
Q.
, and
Yeung
,
R. W.
,
2019
, “
Wave-Body Interactions Among Energy Absorbers in a Wave Farm
,”
Appl. Energy
,
233
, pp.
1051
1064
.
10.
Göteman
,
M.
,
Engström
,
J.
,
Eriksson
,
M.
, and
Isberg
,
J.
,
2015
, “
Fast Modeling of Large Wave Energy Farms Using Interaction Distance Cut-Off
,”
Energies
,
8
(
12
), pp.
13741
13757
.
11.
Engström
,
J.
,
Eriksson
,
M.
,
Göteman
,
M.
,
Isberg
,
J.
, and
Leijon
,
M.
,
2013
, “
Performance of Large Arrays of Point Absorbing Direct-Driven Wave Energy Converters
,”
J. Appl. Phys.
,
114
(
20
), p.
204502
.
12.
Borgarino
,
B.
,
Babarit
,
A.
, and
Ferrant
,
P.
,
2012
, “
An Implementation of the Fast Multipole Algorithm for Wave Interaction Problems on Sparse Arrays of Floating Bodies
,”
J. Eng. Math.
,
77
(
1
), pp.
51
68
.
13.
Pastor
,
J.
, and
Liu
,
Y.
,
2014
, “
Power Absorption Modeling and Optimization of a Point Absorbing Wave Energy Converter Using Numerical Method
,”
ASME J. Energy Resour. Technol.
,
136
(
2
), p.
021207
.
14.
Sharp
,
C.
, and
DuPont
,
B.
,
2018
, “
Wave Energy Converter Array Optimization: A Genetic Algorithm Approach and Minimum Separation Distance Study
,”
Ocean Eng.
,
163
, pp.
148
156
.
15.
Giassi
,
M.
, and
Göteman
,
M.
,
2018
, “
Layout Design of Wave Energy Parks by a Genetic Algorithm
,”
Ocean Eng.
,
154
, pp.
252
261
.
16.
Lyu
,
J.
,
Abdelkhalik
,
O.
, and
Gauchia
,
L.
,
2019
, “
Optimization of Dimensions and Layout of an Array of Wave Energy Converters
,”
Ocean Eng.
,
192
, p.
106543
.
17.
Yang
,
B.
,
Wu
,
S.
,
Zhang
,
H.
,
Liu
,
B.
,
Shu
,
H.
,
Shan
,
J.
,
Ren
,
Y.
, and
Yao
,
W.
,
2022
, “
Wave Energy Converter Array Layout Optimization: A Critical and Comprehensive Overview
,”
Renew. Sustain Energy Rev.
,
167
, p.
112668
.
18.
Guo
,
X.
,
Liu
,
Y.
, and
Zhang
,
X.
,
2020
, “
Layout Optimization of Wave Energy Park Based on Multi-objective Optimization Algorithm
,” 43rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering, Singapore, Paper No. OMAE2024-120859.
19.
Waters
,
R.
,
Engström
,
J.
,
Isberg
,
J.
, and
Leijon
,
M.
,
2009
, “
Wave Climate Off the Swedish West Coast
,”
Renew. Energy
,
34
(
6
), pp.
1600
1606
.
20.
Tissandier
,
J.
,
Babarit
,
A.
, and
Clément
,
A.
,
2008
, “
Study of the Smoothing Effect on the Power Production in an Array of SEAREV Wave Energy Converters
,” ISOPE International Ocean and Polar Engineering Conference,
ISOPE
, Paper No. ISOPE–I–08–259
21.
Siddorn
,
P.
, and
Eatock Taylor
,
R.
,
2008
, “
Diffraction and Independent Radiation by an Array of Floating Cylinders
,”
Ocean Eng.
,
35
(
13
), pp.
1289
1303
.
22.
Reyes-Sierra
,
M.
, and
Coello
,
C. C.
,
2006
, “
Multi-objective Particle Swarm Optimizers: A Survey of the State-of-the-Art
,”
Int. J. Comput. Int. Res.
,
2
(
3
), pp.
287
308
.
You do not currently have access to this content.