... the expansion will produce a shrinkage deformation in the tube end. This further reduces the magnitude of the contact stress in the expanded zone and moves it toward the tubesheet secondary surface. The percentage reductions of the contact stress and the contact area are introduced to quantitatively describe...

... main loop piping and the steam generator has been welded with ER308L NGW after the replacement of a steam generator of a Korean nuclear power plant. The NGW technique has many merits, for instance, the reduction of construction time and the reduction of shrinkage and deformation after welding due...

... linear-elastic. If the combination of stresses exceeds some yield criterion the tube will re-yield from the bore thus losing much of the potential benefit of autofrettage. shrinkage internal stresses fatigue compressive strength wear Bauschinger effect 30 April 2003 06 May...