This paper completes previous studies concerning the mechanisms governing friction and wear of a steel/graphite couple under an external applied magnetic field. Friction tests were performed in a controlled chamber with a magnetised steel pin sliding against a graphite disk exposed to oxygen, argon, and vacuum environments. Wear debris and friction tracks generated by reactions with the gases after sliding, with and without magnetic field, were identified ex situ by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. It shows that the magnetic field modifies the third body behavior which depends on the gases surrounding the contact; this governs the friction state, the type of graphite wear (fatigue or abrasive wear), and the surface reactivity.

1.
Bowden, F. P., and Tabor, D., 1964, The Friction and Lubrication of Solids, Clarendon, Oxford.
2.
Chakrabarti
S.
,
1971
, “
Why Magnetised Cutting Tool has Greater Life-Probable Cause
,”
Jour. Inst. Eng. Ind.
, Vol.
52
, pp.
118
123
.
3.
El Mansori, M., Csapo, E., Zai¨di, H., and Paulmier, D., 1996, “Study of Magnetised Steel XC48/Graphite Couple in the Sliding Contact,” Proceedings Nordtrih’96, 7th Nordic Symposium on Tribology, Bergen, Norway, Vol. III, pp. 29–48.
4.
Hiratsuka
K.
,
Sasada
T.
, and
Norose
S.
,
1986
, “
The Magnetic Effect on the Wear of Materials
,”
Wear
, Vol.
110
, pp.
251
261
.
5.
Kumagai¨
K.
,
Suzuki
K.
, and
Kamiya
O.
,
1993
, “
Study on Reduction in Wear due to Magnetisation
,”
Wear
, Vol.
162–164
, pp.
196
201
.
6.
Lancaster
J. K.
,
1966
, “
Anisotropy in the Mechanical Properties of Lamellar Solids and its Effect on Wear and Transfer
,”
Wear
, Vol.
9
, pp.
169
188
.
7.
Lancaster
J. K.
,
1975
, “
Transitions in the Friction and Wear of Carbons and Graphites Sliding Against Themselves
,”
ASLE Transactions
, Vol.
18
, pp.
87
201
.
8.
Muju, M. K., and Ghosh, A., 1976, “Effect of Magnetic Field on Wear,” ASME Publication 75-PT-5, ASME, pp. 1–8.
9.
Muju
M. K.
, and
Radhakrishna
A.
,
1980
, “
Wear of non-Magnetic Materials in the Presence of a Magnetic Field
,”
Wear
, Vol.
58
, pp.
49
58
.
10.
Paulmier
D.
,
El Mansori
M.
, and
Zai¨di
H.
,
1997
, “
Study of Magnetised or Electrical Sliding Contact of a Steel XC48/Graphite Couple
,”
Wear
, Vol.
203–204
, pp.
148
154
.
11.
Raghuram
V.
, and
Muju
M. K.
,
1980
, “
Improving Tool Life by Magnetization in Hot Machining
,”
Jour. Inst. Machine. Tool. India
, Vol.
20
, pp.
87
93
.
12.
Robert
F.
,
Paulmier
D.
, and
Zai¨di
H.
,
1992
a, “
Influence of Argon and Helium on the Friction of a Graphite-Graphite Couple in Pin-Disc System
,”
Tribologia, Finnish. Jour Tribol.
, Vol.
11
(
4
), pp.
65
73
.
13.
Robert
F.
,
Paulmier
D.
, and
Zai¨di
H.
, and
Schouller
E.
,
1995
, “
Combined Influence of an Inert Gas Environment and a Mechanical Action on a Graphite Surface
,”
Wear
, Vol.
181–183
, pp.
687
690
.
14.
Sasada, T., 1985, “Fundamental Analysis of the Adhesive Wear of Metals-Severe and Mild Wear,” Proceeding. J.S.L.E Int. Conf. Tokyo, pp. 623–628.
15.
Sasada
T.
,
Hiratsuka
K.
, and
Saito
H.
,
1993
, “
Adsorption of Surrounding Gas Molecules on Pure Metal Surfaces During Wear Processes
,”
Wear
, Vol.
135
, pp.
251
264
.
16.
Yamamoto
Y.
and
Gondo
S.
,
1987
, “
Effect of Magnetic Field on Boundary Lubrication
,”
Tribol. Int.
, Vol.
20
, pp.
342
346
.
17.
Zai¨di
H.
,
Csapo
E.
, and
Paulmier
D.
,
1993
, “
Friction Coefficient Variation in a Graphite-Graphite Dynamical Contact Crossed by an Electric Current
,”
Surface and Coatings Technology
, Vol.
62
, pp.
388
392
.
18.
Zai¨di
H.
,
Robert
F.
,
Paulmier
D.
, and
Ne´ry
H.
,
1993
, “
Correlation Between the Tribological Behaviour of Graphite and its Mechanical Properties Versus the Inter-plane Distance
,”
Appl. Surf. Sci.
, Vol.
70–71
, pp.
103
108
.
This content is only available via PDF.
You do not currently have access to this content.